Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Thresholds of basal (bCT) or stimulated serum calcitonin (sCT) levels for the diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) aren’t specified in current revised MTC guidelines.Objective: We aim to setfemale (F) specific thresholds for bCT and sCT for MTC diagnosis.Methods: CT samples were measured during calcium-stimulation test (25 mg/kg BW adapted to ideal body mass index) before and at 2, 5 and 10 minutes afte...

We made a retrospective study of X monosomy cases identified in our laboratory in the last 10 years. The aim of study was to establish a correlation between different forms of X monosomy, and age for confirmation of cytogenetic diagnosis. Between 2010 and 2019 we confirmed 81 cases of Turner syndrome in our laboratory. We found different forms of X monosomy and the most frequent was X homogenous X monosomy. We found 24 cases (29.62%) of X homogenous monosomy (median age of dia...

Background: It is well known that one of the basic characteristics of tumor cells is that they are greedy for glucose. Delivering Glucose Coated Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Glc-SPIONs) to tumor cells by i.v. administration could represent “the magic bullet” for detecting and treating cancer,Materials, methods and results: Glc-SPIONs were prepared by a new approach called Metal Vapor Synthesis (MVS) and their structural features ...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality on a global scale. The pathophysiology of DM involves insulin resistance, even in insulin-treated type 1 DM, which in turn is related to the amount of glucose transporter GLUT4 (Slc2a4 gene). Estrogen activity can be mediated by two distinct receptors (ESR1 and ESR2) and may involve genomic and non-genomic mechanisms. Estrogen has been described as involved in glycemic homeostasis, but the related...

According to the world Health Organization, about 422 million people worldwide have diabetes mellitus (DM), and this number is growing rapidly. DM, mainly type 2, is associated with insulin resistance, which involves reduced expression of glucose transporter GLUT4 (Slc2a4 gene). It is known that estrogen can modulate glycemic homeostasis and seems to involve changes in the Slc2a4/GLUT4 expression. There has been an increased interest in plant-derived phytoest...

Background: Relacorilant is a highly selective glucocorticoid receptor (GR) modulator in development for the treatment of endogenous Cushing syndrome (CS). Unlike the GR antagonist mifepristone, relacorilant lacks affinity for the progesterone and other receptors. In a phase 2 study in patients with CS (Pivonello et al, 2021), relacorilant provided clinically meaningful changes in several cortisol-excess-related comorbidities, including hypertension and hyperglycemia,...

Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) rarely presents with metastasis at diagnosis and usually in patients also having gross local invasion.Case presentation: We report the case of a 51-year-old postmenopausal woman presenting at our institution in June 2019 with symptomatic hypercalcemia (fatigue, polyuria, constipation and bone pain), but with a surprisingly good general condition. She had been treated with bisphosphonates for osteoporosis (DXA: LS T score &#8722...

Background: Hyponatremia in not uncommon in elderly. Common causes include medication, heart, kidney and liver diseases, digestive loses, syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone. Hormonal imbalances are sometimes overlooked. Sudden onset after a recently invasive procedure could challenge the diagnostic.Methods: We present a case report of a severe hyponatremia diagnosed after a coronary angiogram. It is a rare case of hypopituitarism secondary t...

Hypothyroidism is a well-known cause of delayed puberty in children. But in rare instances, hypothyroidism can also be related to isolated menarche. The mechanism remains debatable whilst the overall incidence of the condition remains unknown.Case Report: 6-year girl presented to children’s emergency with 2 days history of vaginal bleeding. Mum reported her being intolerant to cold, constipated and faltering growth compared to her twin sister. Her s...

Introduction: Hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) is a rare endocrine disease which is characterized by hypocalcaemia and undetectable or inappropriately low serum parathyroid hormone (PTH). Post-surgical HypoPT (PS-HypoPT) is the most common cause, caused by accidental parathyroid removal/injury during neck surgery. From a neuropsychological standpoint, patients with PS-HypoPT present cognitive and neuropsychological symptoms: the more plausible pathophysiological mechanism resides i...